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Java 14 对比 Java 15

通过结构化对比表查看 Java 14 与 Java 15 的差异，然后继续浏览相关面试题、测验以及类似主题比较。

1 比较要点

2 相关比较

主题对比

Java 14 与 Java 15 的对比有助于你理解哪一种更适合自己的使用场景。这里也整理了 Java 15 和 Java 14 的常见对比内容，适用于面试准备。

比较概览

Java 14 与 Java 15 的区别

Java 14 与 Java 15 的对比有助于你理解哪一种更适合自己的使用场景。这里也整理了 Java 15 和 Java 14 的常见对比内容，适用于面试准备。

Java 14 本次并排比较中的主题一。

1 当前页面可用的比较条目。

Java 15 本次并排比较中的主题二。

Java 14 Interview Online Test	Java 15 Interview Online Test
Features Added: - Switch Expressions: It has been made standardized for production code. - Text Blocks: Text blocks now have two new escape sequences on top of Java 13 features. - Pattern Matching for instanceof: Pattern matching for instanceof with the aim of eliminating boilerplate code. - Records: To reduce repetitive boilerplate code in data model POJOs. They simplify day to day development, improve efficiency and greatly minimize the risk of human error. The simple declaration (e.g. public record User(int id, String password) { };) will automatically add a constructor, getters, equals, hashCode and toString methods for us. - NullPointerExceptions: Now Java has made this easier by adding the capability to point out which object exactly was null in a given line of code. - Foreign Memory Access API: It is to allow Java programs to access foreign memory, such as native memory, outside the heap in a safe and efficient manner. - Packaging Tool: Developers can use jlink to condense the JDK down to the minimum required modules, and then use this packaging tool to create a lightweight image that can be installed. - ZGC: It was introduced in Linux during Java 11. Now got introduced in Windows as well as in macOS. - NUMA-Aware Memory Allocation for G1: Non-uniform memory access (NUMA) was not implemented so far for the G1 garbage collector, unlike the Parallel collector. It got introduced to make the G1 collector NUMA-aware as well. - JFR Event Streaming: JDK's flight recorder data is now exposed so that it can be continuously monitored.	Features Added: - Records: The record is a new type of class in Java that makes it easy to create immutable data objects. It was introduced in Java 14. Java 15 aims to refine a few aspects before becoming an official product feature. The class definition has a new syntax that is specific for records, allow us to override some of the default behaviors. - Sealed Classes: Java provides no fine-grained control over the inheritance. Sealed classes involve two new keywords â€” sealed and permits. These are to allow individual classes to declare which types may be used as sub-types. This also applies to interfaces and determining which types can implement them. Any class that extends a sealed class must itself be declared sealed, non-sealed, or final. - Hidden Classes: It is to allow the runtime creation of classes that are not discoverable. - Pattern Matching Type Checks: Here got few enhancement top of Java 14. The goal of this feature is to remove a lot of boilerplate code that typically comes with the instanceof operator. - Foreign Memory API: Foreign memory generally refers to memory that lives outside the managed JVM heap. Because of this, it's not subject to garbage collection and can typically handle incredibly large memory segments. A new VarHandle API, to customize memory access var handles. Support for parallel processing of a memory segment using the Spliterator interface. Enhanced support for mapped memory segments. Ability to manipulate and dereference addresses coming from things like native calls. - Garbage Collectors: In Java 15, both ZGC and Shenandoah will be no longer be experimental. Both will be supported configurations that teams can opt to use, while the G1 collector will remain the default.

Java 14

Interview Online Test

Java 15

Interview Online Test

Features Added:
- Switch Expressions: It has been made standardized for production code.

- Text Blocks: Text blocks now have two new escape sequences on top of Java 13 features.

- Pattern Matching for instanceof: Pattern matching for instanceof with the aim of eliminating boilerplate code.

- Records: To reduce repetitive boilerplate code in data model POJOs. They simplify day to day development, improve efficiency and greatly minimize the risk of human error. The simple declaration (e.g. public record User(int id, String password) { };) will automatically add a constructor, getters, equals, hashCode and toString methods for us.

- NullPointerExceptions: Now Java has made this easier by adding the capability to point out which object exactly was null in a given line of code.

- Foreign Memory Access API: It is to allow Java programs to access foreign memory, such as native memory, outside the heap in a safe and efficient manner.

- Packaging Tool: Developers can use jlink to condense the JDK down to the minimum required modules, and then use this packaging tool to create a lightweight image that can be installed.

- ZGC: It was introduced in Linux during Java 11. Now got introduced in Windows as well as in macOS.

- NUMA-Aware Memory Allocation for G1: Non-uniform memory access (NUMA) was not implemented so far for the G1 garbage collector, unlike the Parallel collector. It got introduced to make the G1 collector NUMA-aware as well.

- JFR Event Streaming: JDK's flight recorder data is now exposed so that it can be continuously monitored.

Features Added:
- Records: The record is a new type of class in Java that makes it easy to create immutable data objects. It was introduced in Java 14. Java 15 aims to refine a few aspects before becoming an official product feature. The class definition has a new syntax that is specific for records, allow us to override some of the default behaviors.

- Sealed Classes: Java provides no fine-grained control over the inheritance. Sealed classes involve two new keywords â€” sealed and permits. These are to allow individual classes to declare which types may be used as sub-types. This also applies to interfaces and determining which types can implement them. Any class that extends a sealed class must itself be declared sealed, non-sealed, or final.

- Hidden Classes: It is to allow the runtime creation of classes that are not discoverable.

- Pattern Matching Type Checks: Here got few enhancement top of Java 14. The goal of this feature is to remove a lot of boilerplate code that typically comes with the instanceof operator.

- Foreign Memory API: Foreign memory generally refers to memory that lives outside the managed JVM heap. Because of this, it's not subject to garbage collection and can typically handle incredibly large memory segments. A new VarHandle API, to customize memory access var handles. Support for parallel processing of a memory segment using the Spliterator interface. Enhanced support for mapped memory segments. Ability to manipulate and dereference addresses coming from things like native calls.

- Garbage Collectors: In Java 15, both ZGC and Shenandoah will be no longer be experimental. Both will be supported configurations that teams can opt to use, while the G1 collector will remain the default.

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Java 14 对比 Java 15

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