Interview Questions and Answers

Garbage Collection is the automatic process of reclaiming the runtime unused memory by destroying the objects that are no longer reachable or referenced by the program.

The JVM is responsible for managing the memory, including garbage collection. It runs the garbage collector to identify and reclaim unused memory.

The Young Generation is the part of the heap where new objects are created. It is designed for short-lived objects, and garbage collection occurs more frequently in this generation.

The 'finalize()' method is called by the garbage collector before an object is reclaimed. It allows an object to perform cleanup operations before being garbage collected.

The Old Generation is the part of the heap that holds long-lived objects. Objects that survive multiple garbage collection cycles in the Young Generation are eventually promoted to the Old Generation.

The 'System.gc()' method is a hint to the JVM that suggests running the garbage collector. However, its actual execution is at the discretion of the JVM, and it may be ignored in some implementations.

The '-XX:+UseG1GC' option is used to enable the G1 garbage collector in Java. It instructs the JVM to use the G1 collector as the garbage collection algorithm.