VLSI Interview Questions and Answers
Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions & answers
Ques 1. Explain the difference between ASIC and FPGA.
ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) is a custom-designed chip for a specific application, while FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable chip that can be configured by the user.
Ques 2. What is the purpose of RTL (Register Transfer Level) in VLSI design?
RTL is a high-level abstraction that describes the flow of data between registers in a digital circuit. It serves as an intermediate representation between high-level design and gate-level implementation.
Ques 3. Explain the concept of clock gating in VLSI.
Clock gating is a power-saving technique that involves selectively disabling the clock signal to certain portions of a circuit during idle periods, reducing dynamic power consumption.
Ques 4. What are the key differences between RTL and gate-level design?
RTL (Register Transfer Level) design focuses on the flow of data between registers, while gate-level design involves the implementation of logic gates and flip-flops. RTL is more abstract and closer to the high-level design.
Ques 5. Explain the concept of clock skew optimization in VLSI.
Clock skew optimization involves adjusting the delays in the clock distribution network to minimize the skew, ensuring that the clock signal reaches all elements simultaneously.
Ques 6. What are the trade-offs between power and performance in VLSI design?
There is often a trade-off between power consumption and performance in VLSI design. Aggressive optimization for performance may lead to increased power consumption, and vice versa.
Ques 7. Explain the concept of clock gating in VLSI.
Clock gating is a power-saving technique that involves selectively disabling the clock signal to certain portions of a circuit during idle periods, reducing dynamic power consumption.
Ques 8. What are the key differences between RTL and gate-level design?
RTL (Register Transfer Level) design focuses on the flow of data between registers, while gate-level design involves the implementation of logic gates and flip-flops. RTL is more abstract and closer to the high-level design.
Ques 9. Explain the concept of clock skew optimization in VLSI.
Clock skew optimization involves adjusting the delays in the clock distribution network to minimize the skew, ensuring that the clock signal reaches all elements simultaneously.
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