BGP Interview Questions and Answers
Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions & answers
Ques 1. How does BGP select the best route?
BGP uses the BGP decision process, which considers factors like the highest weight, local preference, AS_PATH length, origin type, and the router ID to select the best route.
Ques 2. Explain BGP route aggregation.
BGP route aggregation involves combining multiple IP prefixes into a single, summarized route. It helps reduce the size of the routing table.
Ques 3. What is BGP synchronization?
BGP synchronization is a mechanism that ensures that routes learned from iBGP peers are not used until they are synchronized with an IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) in the same AS.
Ques 4. Explain the concept of BGP peer groups.
BGP peer groups are used to simplify the configuration and management of multiple BGP neighbors by grouping them together and applying common configuration parameters.
Ques 5. What is a BGP community attribute?
A BGP community is a tag that can be attached to a route, providing a way to group routes and apply policies based on these groups.
Ques 6. Explain BGP confederation.
BGP confederation is a method used to divide an AS into smaller sub-ASes, making BGP more scalable by reducing the number of routes exchanged between them.
Ques 7. What is BGP route filtering?
BGP route filtering is the process of controlling the routes that are advertised or accepted based on defined criteria, such as prefix lists or route maps.
Ques 8. What is BGP maximum-prefix limit?
BGP maximum-prefix limit is a mechanism to prevent a BGP router from being overwhelmed by a large number of advertised prefixes by imposing a limit on the number of accepted prefixes.
Ques 9. Explain BGP prefix delegation.
BGP prefix delegation involves assigning specific IP prefixes to different entities within an AS, allowing for better control and management of address space.
Ques 10. Explain BGP TTL security check.
BGP TTL security check is a feature that checks the Time-to-Live (TTL) value in the IP header of BGP packets to prevent certain types of BGP attacks, such as TTL exhaustion attacks.
Ques 11. What is the BGP MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) attribute used for?
The BGP MED attribute is used to influence the path selection process by indicating the preferred exit point from an AS when multiple exit points exist.
Ques 12. What is the purpose of BGP community string?
A BGP community string is a 32-bit value that can be attached to a BGP route. It is often used for policy-based routing and filtering.
Ques 13. What is BGP graceful restart?
BGP graceful restart is a mechanism that allows a BGP router to continue forwarding traffic using the previously known BGP routing information during a restart, reducing the impact of a restart on the network.
Ques 14. Explain BGP route summarization.
BGP route summarization involves representing multiple IP prefixes with a single, summarized route, reducing the size of the BGP routing table.
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