Computer Science 面试题与答案
问题 11. What is the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy?
A shallow copy creates a new object, but does not copy the nested objects, while a deep copy creates a new object and recursively copies all nested objects.
Example:
Shallow copy: Object.assign() in JavaScript. Deep copy: Using libraries like deepcopy in Python.
问题 12. Explain the concept of normalization in databases.
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and dependency, leading to better data integrity.
Example:
Breaking a table into smaller tables to avoid repeating data (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, etc.).
问题 13. What is a binary search algorithm, and how does it work?
Binary search is a divide-and-conquer algorithm used to efficiently locate a target value within a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.
Example:
Searching for a specific element in a sorted array by repeatedly halving the search range.
问题 14. Explain the concept of thread synchronization.
Thread synchronization is the coordination of threads to ensure proper execution and avoid conflicts when accessing shared resources.
Example:
Using locks or synchronization primitives to control access to shared data in a multithreaded environment.
问题 15. What is the purpose of the 'this' keyword in object-oriented programming?
The 'this' keyword refers to the current instance of a class and is used to access instance variables and methods.
Example:
In Java: 'this.name = name;' in a constructor to differentiate between instance and local variables.
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