Computer Graphics 面试题与答案
问题 1. What is rasterization in computer graphics?
Rasterization is the process of converting vector graphics into raster images. It involves determining which pixels to illuminate based on the geometric shapes in the scene.
Example:
In a 3D rendering pipeline, rasterization converts 3D primitives like triangles into 2D pixel representations for display.
问题 2. Explain the concept of shaders in computer graphics.
Shaders are small programs that run on the GPU and are used to control the rendering pipeline. Vertex shaders process vertices, while fragment shaders handle pixel colors.
Example:
A vertex shader can transform 3D coordinates, and a fragment shader can apply lighting and textures to determine the final pixel color.
问题 3. What is the difference between Gouraud shading and Phong shading?
Gouraud shading interpolates colors across vertices before rasterization, while Phong shading interpolates normals across vertices and computes lighting per pixel.
Example:
Gouraud shading might produce smoother results for flat surfaces, while Phong shading is better at capturing highlights and reflections.
问题 4. Explain the concept of texture mapping in computer graphics.
Texture mapping involves applying a 2D image (texture) onto a 3D surface to enhance its appearance. This is commonly used for adding details like colors, patterns, or images to objects.
Example:
Mapping a brick texture onto a 3D wall model to give it a realistic appearance.
问题 5. What is anti-aliasing in computer graphics?
Anti-aliasing is a technique used to reduce visual artifacts like jagged edges in images, especially when dealing with diagonal or curved lines. It involves blending colors at the edges to smooth them out.
Example:
Applying anti-aliasing to text rendering to make the edges of characters appear smoother.
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