Django вопросы и ответы для интервью

Вопрос 16. Explain the Django REST framework.

With the help of Django's REST framework, you can create RESTful APIs quickly and efficiently. This framework gets funding from various big shot companies and is popular due to its multiple commendable features such as serialization, authentication policies, etc.

RESTful APIs are well-suited for creating web applications since they use low bandwidth and can communicate over the internet via GET, POST and PUT methods.

Вопрос 17. What is the settings.py file, and what does it contain?

Whenever you start the Django server, initially, it looks for the settings.py file, containing the main settings regarding a web application. Also, it contains everything related to your web application, such as databases, a backend engine, templating engines, static file addresses, servers, security keys, middlewares, URL configs, and other essential data.

So, when you start the Django server, it will first execute the settings.py file and, later, load the required engines and databases.

Вопрос 18. Why are regular expressions used for defining the URLs?

Django has a powerful way of storing the URLs that are regular expressions. You can easily use the regular expression format for string searching algorithms, making the search process faster.

However, after the release of Django 2.2 and later versions there is no need to use the regular expression for defining the URL. Instead, you can use normal strings. The regular expression is used whenever you want to pass some data from the user via the URL. But whatever you use, the Django server needs to match them.

Вопрос 19. Explain ORM in Django.

ORM stands for Object-relational mapper, a special feature tool of Django. This tool helps developers to interact with the database in a more Python-esque way. It acts as the abstraction between the models and the database, where the main data is stored.

Using ORM, you can retrieve, save, and delete the data from a database without the need to write any SQL code for it. This tool will help eliminate many loopholes since it lets you maintain control over your code, and is developed in Python.

It does not matter whether the Database is a SQLite, MySQL, Postgre or Oracle the ORM makes sure that the developer writes the same code for all databases.

Django uses the ORM known as Django ORM, it uses classes inherited from models.Modle, to create tables under any database.

The only thing we need to tweak is the database settings in the setting.py file.

DATABASES = {    'default': {        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',         'NAME': 'DB_NAME',        'USER': 'DB_USER',        'PASSWORD': 'DB_PASSWORD',        'HOST': 'localhost',          'PORT': '5432',    }}

Вопрос 20. How does templating work in Django?

Templates are the reason behind Django’s ability to create dynamic web pages. These templates are HTML code returned as an HTTP response. Furthermore, Django has a templating engine capable of handling templating. You can use some of the template syntaxes while declaring the variables, control logic, and comments.

Once you provide all the template syntax within the HTML structure, the web page is requested and called by the view function. Later, the Django template engine will get the HTML structure with variables and the data to replace these variables. The templating engine will replace these while executing the control logic and generating filters. It will then render the required HTML and send it to the browser.