Computer Graphics 面试题与答案
问题 6. What is the difference between orthographic and perspective projection?
Orthographic projection preserves parallel lines and distances but lacks depth perception. Perspective projection simulates how objects appear smaller as they move away, creating a sense of depth.
Example:
Orthographic projection is common in engineering drawings, while perspective projection is used in realistic 3D rendering.
问题 7. Explain the concept of ray tracing in computer graphics.
Ray tracing is a rendering technique that simulates the way light interacts with objects. It traces the path of rays as they travel through a scene, calculating reflections, refractions, and shadows.
Example:
Rendering realistic images with reflections on shiny surfaces and accurate lighting using ray tracing.
问题 8. What is a framebuffer in computer graphics?
A framebuffer is a memory buffer that holds pixel values for display. It represents the image being rendered and is often used in conjunction with a display device.
Example:
Storing pixel values in a framebuffer before sending them to the monitor for display.
问题 9. Explain the concept of the Z-buffer in 3D graphics.
The Z-buffer, or depth buffer, is used to determine the depth of each pixel in a scene. It helps in rendering objects correctly, ensuring that closer objects obscure farther ones.
Example:
Rendering a scene with multiple overlapping 3D objects, ensuring proper occlusion using the Z-buffer.
问题 10. What is a 3D transformation matrix in computer graphics?
A 3D transformation matrix is used to represent transformations such as translation, rotation, and scaling in three-dimensional space. It allows efficient manipulation of 3D geometry.
Example:
Applying a rotation matrix to a 3D model to change its orientation in space.
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