Machine Learning 面试题与答案
问题 16. How does the term 'dropout' apply to neural networks?
Dropout is a regularization technique used in neural networks to randomly deactivate some neurons during training. It helps prevent overfitting and encourages the network to learn more robust features.
问题 17. What is the concept of a confusion matrix?
A confusion matrix is a table used to evaluate the performance of a classification model. It compares the predicted and actual class labels, showing true positives, true negatives, false positives, and false negatives.
问题 18. Explain the term 'hyperparameter' in the context of machine learning.
Hyperparameters are configuration settings for machine learning models that are not learned from the data but are set before the training process. Examples include learning rate, regularization strength, and the number of hidden layers in a neural network.
问题 19. What is the difference between precision and recall?
Precision is the ratio of correctly predicted positive observations to the total predicted positives, while recall is the ratio of correctly predicted positive observations to the total actual positives. Precision emphasizes the accuracy of positive predictions, while recall focuses on capturing all positive instances.
问题 20. What is the purpose of the term 'one-hot encoding' in machine learning?
One-hot encoding is a technique used to represent categorical variables as binary vectors. Each category is represented by a unique binary value, with only one bit set to 1 and the rest set to 0. It is commonly used in machine learning algorithms that cannot work directly with categorical data.
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- Explain the concept of feature engineering.
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