Angular 8 Interview Questions and Answers
Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions & answers
Ques 1. Can we upgrade the older version of Angular that we have installed on our system to the Angular 8 version? If yes, then how?
Yes. If you want to upgrade your Angular CLI or any older version of Angular to Angular version 8, you can easily do it. /n First, check the older version of Angular that you are using. Run the ng --version command on the Node.js command prompt. n Now, you have to uninstall the older version of Angular by using the following command.
Example:
npm uninstall -g angular-cli // For Windows Open Powershell on Administrator Mode --- and --- sudo npm uninstall -g angular-cli // For Mac
Ques 2. Explain Angular modules.
Angular modules are containers for a group of related components, directives, pipes, and services. They help in organizing and consolidating the functionality of the application.
Example:
@NgModule({
declarations: [AppComponent],
imports: [CommonModule],
providers: [DataService],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
Ques 3. What is two-way data binding in Angular?
Two-way data binding is a feature in Angular that allows automatic synchronization of data between the model and the view. Changes in the model automatically update the view, and vice versa.
Example:
Ques 4. Explain dependency injection in Angular.
Dependency injection is a design pattern in which a class receives its dependencies from external sources rather than creating them itself. In Angular, the DI system provides and injects the dependencies into the components, services, etc.
Example:
constructor(private dataService: DataService) { }
Ques 5. What is a service in Angular?
In Angular, a service is a singleton object that performs tasks like fetching data, sharing data between components, or encapsulating business logic. Services are used to promote reusability and maintainability.
Example:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root',
})
export class DataService { }
Ques 6. Explain Angular directives.
Directives in Angular are markers on DOM elements that tell Angular to attach behavior to a DOM element or transform the DOM element and its children. Examples include ngIf, ngFor, and ngStyle.
Example:
This is visible
Ques 7. What is the purpose of ngOnInit() in Angular?
ngOnInit is a lifecycle hook in Angular that is called after Angular has initialized all data-bound properties of a directive. It is a good place to put initialization logic for your component.
Example:
ngOnInit() {
// Initialization code here
}
Ques 8. What is Angular CLI?
Angular CLI (Command Line Interface) is a powerful tool for initializing, developing, scaffolding, and maintaining Angular applications. It provides commands for tasks like generating components, services, and modules.
Example:
ng generate component my-component
Ques 9. Explain Angular pipes.
Pipes in Angular are used to transform data before displaying it in the view. Examples include date pipe, currency pipe, and uppercase pipe.
Example:
{{ today | date: 'dd/MM/yyyy' }}
Ques 10. Explain Angular routing and how it works.
Angular routing is a mechanism that allows navigation between different components in an Angular application. It works by associating a component with a specific route, and the Angular Router takes care of loading the associated component when the route is activated.
Example:
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'home', component: HomeComponent },
{ path: 'about', component: AboutComponent },
];
Ques 11. What is Angular template driven forms?
Template-driven forms in Angular are a way to work with forms using directives in the template. The form and its controls are defined in the component's template, and Angular automatically creates and manages the corresponding controls and their data bindings.
Example:
Ques 12. Explain reactive forms in Angular.
Reactive forms in Angular provide a model-driven approach to handling forms. The form controls are created programmatically in the component, and the component is responsible for managing the form's state and behavior.
Example:
this.myForm = this.fb.group({
name: ['', Validators.required],
email: ['', [Validators.required, Validators.email]],
});
Ques 13. What is the role of the Angular TestBed?
The TestBed is an Angular testing utility that allows you to configure and create instances of Angular testing modules. It provides methods to compile components, create services, and perform other tasks needed for testing Angular applications.
Example:
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
declarations: [AppComponent],
providers: [DataService],
});
Ques 14. How does dependency injection work in Angular?
Dependency injection in Angular works by providing dependencies (services or values) to a component or other Angular construct through their constructor. Angular's DI system takes care of injecting the required dependencies when creating an instance of the component or service.
Example:
constructor(private dataService: DataService) { }
Ques 15. What is Angular change detection?
Change detection in Angular is the process of checking for changes in the application's state and updating the DOM accordingly. Angular uses a mechanism called Zone.js to intercept asynchronous operations and trigger change detection.
Example:
ngDoCheck() {
// Custom change detection logic
}
Ques 16. Explain the role of ngZone in Angular.
NgZone is a service in Angular that helps to execute code outside Angular's zone. It is particularly useful for optimizing performance and dealing with third-party libraries that are not aware of Angular's change detection.
Example:
constructor(private ngZone: NgZone) { }
Ques 17. What is the Angular HttpClient module used for?
The HttpClient module in Angular is used for making HTTP requests. It provides methods for performing HTTP operations such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE and handles request and response transformations.
Example:
httpClient.get('/api/data').subscribe(data => console.log(data));
Ques 18. Explain the concept of Angular decorators.
Decorators in Angular are functions that modify the behavior of classes, methods, or properties. They are used to annotate and configure Angular components, directives, services, and modules.
Example:
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
template: 'Hello World
',
})
Ques 19. What are Angular guards and how are they used?
Angular guards are used to control the navigation to or from a route. There are different types of guards, such as CanActivate, CanDeactivate, CanLoad, and Resolve. They are implemented as services and can be added to route configurations.
Example:
canActivate: [AuthGuard]
Ques 20. Explain the concept of Angular directives.
Directives in Angular are markers on a DOM element that tell Angular to attach a specified behavior to that DOM element or its children. Directives can be structural (changing the structure of the DOM) or attribute (changing the behavior or appearance of the DOM).
Example:
This is visible
Ques 21. What is Angular CLI and how is it useful?
Angular CLI (Command Line Interface) is a command-line tool that facilitates the development, testing, and deployment of Angular applications. It provides commands for creating components, services, modules, building, testing, and more, making it easier to manage the development workflow.
Example:
ng generate component my-component
Ques 22. Explain the use of *ngFor and *ngIf directives.
*ngFor is a structural directive in Angular used for iterating over a list of items and creating a template for each item. *ngIf is a structural directive that conditionally includes or excludes elements based on an expression.
Example:
{{ item }}This is shown if the condition is true
Ques 23. What is the purpose of Angular interceptors?
Angular interceptors are used to intercept HTTP requests and responses globally. They allow you to modify the request or response before it is sent or received by the application. Interceptors are commonly used for tasks such as authentication, logging, or adding headers.
Example:
class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor { ... }
Ques 24. Explain Angular ViewEncapsulation and its types.
ViewEncapsulation is an Angular feature that determines how styles are applied to components. It has three types: Emulated (default), Native, and None. Emulated encapsulation uses shadow DOM emulation, Native uses the browser's native shadow DOM, and None applies styles globally.
Example:
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
template: 'Hello World
',
styleUrls: ['./app.component.css'],
encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.Emulated
})
Ques 25. What is the purpose of the async pipe in Angular?
The async pipe in Angular is used to subscribe to an Observable or Promise in the template and automatically update the view when the data is received. It simplifies the management of asynchronous data in the component's template.
Example:
{{ data$ | async }}
Ques 26. Explain the role of the Angular ngClass directive.
The ngClass directive in Angular is used to conditionally apply CSS classes to an element. It allows you to dynamically set classes based on expressions or conditions in the component.
Example:
This div has dynamic classes
Ques 27. What are Angular services and why are they used?
Services in Angular are singleton objects that provide functionality across the application. They are used to encapsulate and share logic, data, or functionality between components. Services promote modularity and reusability in Angular applications.
Example:
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root',
})
export class DataService { }
Ques 28. Explain the purpose of zone.js in Angular.
Zone.js is a library that helps Angular with change detection. It provides a context for JavaScript execution and allows Angular to know when asynchronous operations, such as HTTP requests or timers, are completed. This knowledge triggers the change detection process.
Example:
import 'zone.js/dist/zone';
Ques 29. What is the Angular TestBed used for in testing?
The TestBed in Angular testing is a configuration and testing utility that provides methods for configuring and creating testing modules. It is used to create a controlled environment for testing Angular components, services, and other constructs.
Example:
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
declarations: [AppComponent],
providers: [DataService],
});
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