Full-Stack Developer Interview Questions and Answers
Freshers / Beginner level questions & answers
Ques 1. What is the difference between front-end and back-end development?
Front-end is client-side development, dealing with user interfaces, while back-end is server-side development, handling server operations and databases.
Ques 2. What is the purpose of AJAX in web development?
AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) allows web pages to update content asynchronously by making background requests to the server without reloading the entire page.
Ques 3. What is the role of a package manager in a Full-Stack development environment?
A package manager helps manage and install third-party libraries, tools, and dependencies, streamlining the development process.
Ques 4. What is the significance of promises in JavaScript?
Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript, providing a cleaner and more readable way to manage callbacks.
Ques 5. Explain the concept of responsive web design.
Responsive web design ensures that a web application or site adapts to different screen sizes and devices, providing an optimal user experience.
Ques 6. What is the purpose of version control systems like Git in Full-Stack development?
Git allows developers to track changes, collaborate on projects, and manage different versions of code, providing a robust version control system.
Ques 7. What is the purpose of the 'use strict' statement in JavaScript?
The 'use strict' statement enables strict mode in JavaScript, catching common coding errors and preventing the use of certain error-prone features.
Ques 8. What is the significance of the 'this' keyword in JavaScript?
In JavaScript, 'this' refers to the current execution context. Its value depends on how a function is called and is often used within object methods.
Ques 9. What is the purpose of the HTTP protocol in web development?
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the foundation of data communication on the web. It defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, enabling the exchange of information between a client and a server.
Ques 10. What is the purpose of a CDN (Content Delivery Network) in web development?
A CDN is a network of distributed servers that deliver web content to users based on their geographic location, reducing latency and improving page load times.
Ques 11. Explain the difference between cookies and local storage in web development.
Cookies are small pieces of data sent from a server and stored in the user's browser, while local storage is a larger storage area for key-value pairs that persists even when the browser is closed.
Ques 12. Explain the concept of a stateless protocol and provide an example.
A stateless protocol does not store information about the state of communication between requests. An example is HTTP, where each request is independent of previous requests.
Ques 13. What is the purpose of the async/await syntax in JavaScript?
Async/await is a syntax for working with asynchronous code in JavaScript, making it more readable and allowing developers to write asynchronous code that resembles synchronous code.
Ques 14. What is the purpose of the 'useEffect' hook in React.js?
The 'useEffect' hook in React.js is used for side effects in functional components, such as data fetching, subscriptions, or manually changing the DOM.
Ques 15. What is the purpose of the 'defer' attribute in the 'script' tag in HTML?
The 'defer' attribute in the 'script' tag tells the browser to defer the execution of the script until after the HTML document is fully parsed. This can improve page load performance.
Ques 16. What is the purpose of the 'map' function in JavaScript, and provide an example of its usage.
The 'map' function in JavaScript is used to transform each element of an array and create a new array with the results. Example: `const numbers = [1, 2, 3]; const doubled = numbers.map(num => num * 2);`
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