PySpark 面试题与答案
问题 21. What is the purpose of the 'groupBy' operation in PySpark?
'groupBy' is used to group the data based on one or more columns. It is often followed by aggregation functions to perform operations on each group.
Example:
grouped_data = df.groupBy('Category').agg({'Price': 'mean'})
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问题 22. Explain the difference between 'cache' and 'persist' operations in PySpark.
'Cache' is a shorthand for 'persist(memory_only=True)', while 'persist' allows more flexibility by specifying storage levels (memory-only, disk-only, etc.).
Example:
df.cache()
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问题 23. How can you create a temporary view from a PySpark DataFrame?
You can use the 'createOrReplaceTempView' method to create a temporary view from a PySpark DataFrame.
Example:
df.createOrReplaceTempView('temp_view')
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问题 24. What is the purpose of the 'orderBy' operation in PySpark?
'OrderBy' is used to sort the rows of a DataFrame based on one or more columns.
Example:
result = df.orderBy('column')
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问题 25. Explain the role of the 'broadcast' variable in PySpark.
A 'broadcast' variable is used to cache a read-only variable in each node of a cluster to enhance the performance of joins.
Example:
from pyspark.sql.functions import broadcast
result = df1.join(broadcast(df2), 'key')
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